Social Work and Social Policy

IRA C. COLBY, DSW, is Dean of the Graduate College of Social Work, University of Houston, in Houston, Texas. Dr. Colby has served on, chaired, or held elective positions in a number of national social work associations, including past president of the Council on Social Work Education, and serves on a number of journal editorial boards. CATHERINE N. DULMUS, PhD, LCSW, is Professor, Associate Dean for Research, and Director of the Buffalo Center for Social Research in the School of Social Work at the University at Buffalo, SUNY, and Research Director at Hillside Family of Agencies in Rochester, New York. KAREN M. SOWERS, PhD, is Dean and Beaman Professor in the College of Social Work at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Her research interests include juvenile justice, sexuality, social work education, child welfare, evidence-based practice, and international social work practice.

Preface vii About the Editors x Contributors xi Chapter 1 Social Welfare Policy as a Form of Social Justice 1 Ira Colby Introduction 1 Social Welfare Policy Defined 5 The Relationship Between Justice Theory and Social Welfare Policy 6 Social Work Values and Policy 8 The Traditional Conceptual Framework of Social Welfare 9 Crafting Justice-Based Policy 12 Conclusion 15 Key Terms 16 Review Questions for Critical Thinking 16 Online Resources 17 References 17 Chapter 2 Reconceptualizing the Evolution of the American Welfare State 21 Bruce Jansson Introduction 21 Some Daunting Challenges Facing Historians of the American Welfare State 21 Nine Eras 28 Topics for Further Research 56 Where Next? 60 Key Terms 61 Review Questions for Critical Thinking 62 Online Resources 62 References 62 Chapter 3 Human Security and the Welfare of Societies 65 Jody Williams Introduction 65 The Need to Redefine Security for the 21st Century 68 Human Security: Its Fundamentals and Its Roots 70 Is There a Future for a Human Security Framework? 75 Conclusion 77 Key Terms 78 Review Questions for Critical Thinking 78 Online Resources 79 References 79 Chapter 4 Social Policy From a Global Perspective 81 Robin Sakina Mama Introduction 81 Globalization 82 Globalization as It Relates to Policy 86 Globalization and Ethics 87 Globalization, Policy, and Social Work Practice 88 Key Terms 89 Review Questions for Critical Thinking 89 Online Resources 89 References 90 Chapter 5 Social Justice for Marginalized and Disadvantaged Groups: Issues and Challenges for Social Policies in Asia 93 Joseph Kwok Introduction 93 Social Justice: An Asian Perspective 95 Social Justice and Social Harmony 96 Social Policy 98 An Asian Context on Social Policy and Social Justice 99 An Asian Perspective on Social Policy Development 101 Social Enterprise and Social Capital 107 Conclusion 112 Key Terms 113 Review Questions for Critical Thinking 113 Online Resources 113 References 114 Chapter 6 Welfare Reform: The Need for Social Empathy 117 Elizabeth A. Segal Introduction 117 A Brief History of Welfare Reform 119 Temporary Assistance for Needy Families 120 The Success of Welfare Reform 121 Who Receives Welfare? 122 Why Welfare Reform Has Failed 123 Inherent Contradictions in Welfare Reform 125 Values Conflicts 125 The Gap in Experiencing and Understanding Poverty 127 Social Empathy 128 Where Do We Go From Here? The Future of Welfare in America 130 Key Terms 131 Review Questions for Critical Thinking 131 Online Resources 131 References 131 Chapter 7 Not by the Numbers Alone: The Effects of Economic and Demographic Changes on Social Policy 135 Michael Reisch Introduction 135 Economic Globalization 136 Poverty, Inequality, and Unemployment 139 Demographic Changes: Racism and Immigration 145 Implications for Social Policy 150 Welfare Reform as a Policy Illustration 151 Conclusion 153 Key Terms 154 Review Questions for Critical Thinking 154 Online Resources 154 References 154 Chapter 8 The U.S. Patriot Act: Implications for the Social Work Profession 165 Stan Stojkovic Introduction 165 The U.S. Patriot Act: Significant Activities and a New System of Justice 167 The U.S. Patriot Act and the Social Work Profession 173 Conclusion 177 Key Terms 178 Review Questions for Critical Thinking 178 Online Resources 178 References 179 Chapter 9 Social Justice in a World of Anywhere Access? 181 Paul R. Raffoul Introduction 181 Globalization 183 Societal Acceptance and Utilization of Technology 184 Use of Social Media 184 Information Access and Authenticity 186 Ensuring Diversity and Cultural Differences 187 Influencing the Development of Social Policy 187 Unintended Consequences of Technology and Social Policy 188 A Look Ahead to the Year 2022 189 Key Terms 191 Review Questions for Critical Thin