Techniques for Surviving the Mobile Data Explosion

DINESH CHANDRA VERMA is an IBM Fellow and Research Scientist at IBM T J Watson Research Center, New York. He has a PhD in Computer Science from the University of California, Berkeley. He is an IEEE Fellow, holds over fifty US patents, and has authored more than a hundred papers and nine books on computer networking. PARIDHI VERMA is a Marketing Manager at IBM Corporation. She has a Masters in Electrical Engineering from NYU Polytechnic School of Engineering. She holds a patent for the internet emergency alert system. In addition, she has authored and illustrated several childrens books.

PREFACE xiii ABOUT THE AUTHORS xix I INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL OBSERVATIONS 1 1 TECHNOLOGIES SUPPORTING MOBILE DATA 3 1.1 Introduction / 3 1.2 Computer Communication Networks / 5 1.3 IP Networks / 9 1.4 Cellular Data Networks / 12 1.5 Mobile Applications / 14 2 MOBILE DATA ECOSYSTEM 17 2.1 Introduction / 17 2.2 Mobile Data Ecosystem / 17 2.3 Mobile Data Growth / 22 2.4 Where is the Bottleneck? / 23 2.5 Impact of Mobile Data Growth on the Ecosystem / 25 3 AN OVERVIEW OF TECHNIQUES FOR BANDWIDTH OPTIMIZATION 29 3.1 Introduction / 29 3.2 Network Model / 30 3.3 Object Caching / 32 3.4 Object Compression / 34 3.5 Packet Compression / 35 3.6 Flow Sharing / 37 3.7 Content Transformation / 40 3.8 Just-in-Time Transmission / 41 3.9 Rate Control / 42 3.10 Service Differentiation / 43 4 AN OVERVIEW OF TECHNIQUES FOR COST REDUCTION 45 4.1 Introduction / 45 4.2 Infrastructure Sharing / 47 4.3 Virtualization / 48 4.4 Consolidation / 49 4.5 IT Usage in Networks / 52 II TECHNIQUES FOR MOBILE NETWORK OPERATORS 55 5 BANDWIDTH OPTIMIZATION AND COST REDUCTION IN THE RADIO ACCESS NETWORK 57 5.1 Introduction / 57 5.2 Upgrading the RAN / 58 5.3 Leveraging Additional Bandwidth / 65 5.4 Bandwidth Management / 68 5.5 Nontechnical Approaches / 72 6 BANDWIDTH OPTIMIZATION AND COST REDUCTION IN BACKHAUL AND CORE NETWORKS 75 6.1 Overview of Backhaul and Core Networks / 75 6.2 Technology Upgrade / 79 6.3 Traffic Offload / 80 6.4 Compression / 80 6.5 Transformation / 81 6.6 Caching / 83 6.7 Consolidation in Core Networks / 87 6.8 Network Function Virtualization / 88 6.9 Cost Reduction of the Supporting Infrastructure / 90 7 CONSUMER-ORIENTED DATA MONETIZATION SERVICES 91 7.1 Mobile Network Operator Differentiators for Consumer Services / 92 7.2 Single Sign-on Service / 93 7.3 Privacy Service / 98 7.4 Content Customization Services / 101 7.5 Location-Based Services / 103 7.6 Phone-Based Commerce / 106 7.7 Other Services / 107 8 ENTERPRISE-ORIENTED DATA MONETIZATION SERVICES 109 8.1 Model for Mobile Network Operator Services to the Enterprise / 110 8.2 Mobile Network Operator Differentiators for Enterprise Services / 111 8.3 Caching and Content Distribution / 114 8.4 Mobile Transformation / 115 8.5 Fog Computing / 116 8.6 Location-Based Services / 118 8.7 Secure Hypervisor Services / 120 9 APPLICATION SERVICE PROVIDER-ORIENTED DATA MONETIZATION SERVICES 123 9.1 Mobile Network Operator Differentiators for Application Service Providers / 124 9.2 Caching and Content Distribution / 126 9.3 Fog Computing / 127 9.4 Information Aggregation / 129 9.5 Information Augmentation / 130 9.6 Historical Information-Based Planning / 131 III TECHNIQUES FOR ENTERPRISES AND APPLICATION DEVELOPERS 135 10 AN INTRODUCTION TO MOBILE APPLICATIONS 137 10.1 Anatomy of Mobile Applications / 138 10.2 Types of Mobile Applications / 139 10.3 Developing for Multiple Platforms / 141 10.4 Operating System Version Management / 143 10.5 Limited Resources / 144 10.6 General Application Development Considerations / 145 11 POWER EFFICIENCY FOR MOBILE APPLICATIONS 147 11.1 Model for Power Consumption / 148 11.2 Duty Cycling / 150 11.3 Power Mode Management / 151 11.4 Communication and Computation Clustering / 151 11.5 Efficient Resource Usage / 153 11.6 Best Practices for Application Power Efficiency / 154 12 BANDWIDTH EFFICIENCY FOR MOBILE APPLICATIONS 159 12.1 Preloading / 160 12.2 Communication Clustering / 160 12.3 Context-Aware Communication / 161 12.4 Disconnected Operation / 162 12.5 Caching / 163 12.6 Compression / 163 12.7 Control Traffic Implications / 164 12.8 Best Practices for Bandwidth Efficiency / 165 13 MOBILE DATA ISSUES FOR THE ENTERPRISE 171 13.1 Mobile-Related Issues for the Enterprise / 172 13.2 Security Issues / 173 13.3 Backward Compatibility / 180 13.4 Infrastructure Issues / 182