Blended

MICHAEL B. HORN is co-founder and executive director of Education at the Clayton Christensen Institute for Disruptive Innovation and co-author of Disrupting Class: How Disruptive Innovation Will Change the Way the World Learns (McGraw-Hill, 2008) with Clayton Christensen and Curtis Johnson. His insights have been highlighted in his recurring column for Forbes as well as The Washington Post, The Economist, Huffington Post, and Education Week. HEATHER STAKER is senior research fellow in Education at the Clayton Christensen Institute for Disruptive Innovation. One of the worlds foremost experts on K12 blended learning, she has appeared on radio, television, and in legislative hearings across the country as a spokesperson for harnessing innovation to improve schools.

List of Videos xi Foreword xv Clayton M. Christensen Acknowledgments xxi About the Authors xxv Introduction 1 Pattern of Disruptive Innovation 2 Disruptive Innovation and Online Learning 3 The Factory-Based Model of Schooling 5 Student-Centered Learning 8 Why Schools Are Reaching a Tipping Point 11 Building a Field of Experts 17 What Youll Find in This Book 18 Part 1 Understanding 29 1 What is Blended Learning? 31 Online Learnings Upward March 32 What Blended Learning Isand Isnt 34 Models of Blended Learning 37 Mixing of Blended Models 52 To Sum Up 53 Appendix 1.1: Discussion of Key Terms 54 Appendix 1.2: K12 Blended-Learning Taxonomy 55 2 Are All Classrooms Going to Blend? 67 The Theory of Hybrids 69 Is Blended Learning Disruptive? 71 Hybrid Models of Blended Learning 73 Disruptive Models of Blended Learning 76 Foreseeing the K12 Education Revolution 77 What is to Become of Schools? 79 To Sum Up 85 Part 2 Mobilizing 93 3 Start with the Rallying Cry 95 The Alternative to Cramming 98 Defining the Problem or Stating the Goal 99 Should Leaders Focus on Sustaining or Disruptive Rallying Cries? 103 How to Identify Core Opportunities 104 How to Identify Nonconsumption Opportunities 105 Threats versus Opportunities 107 To Sum Up 108 4 Organize to Innovate 113 A Framework for Team Design 114 Applying the Team Framework to Schools 120 Using Multiple Types of Teams 129 The Cost of Getting It Wrong 130 To Sum Up 131 Part 3 Designing 135 5 Motivate the Students 137 The Importance of Student Willingness to Learn 138 The Jobs-to-Be-Done Theory 139 Students Jobs to Be Done 143 The Architecture of a Job 145 Fulfilling the Job for Students 146 What to Integrate, and How 152 Blended Learnings Role in Fulfilling Student Jobs 155 The Danger of Asking Students to Change Jobs 156 To Sum Up 157 6 Elevate Teaching 169 Designing the Teacher Role from the Student Perspective 170 Designing the Teacher Role from the Teacher Perspective 176 Doing Right for Students and Teachers 181 To Sum Up 182 7 Design the Virtual and Physical Setup 189 Product Architecture and Interfaces 190 The Shift in Personal Computer Architecture 192 The Shift toward Modularity in Education 194 Integrated versus Modular Online Content 195 Integrated versus Modular Operating Systems 203 Integrated versus Modular Physical Space 205 Aligning Your Strategy to Your Circumstances 208 To Sum Up 209 Appendix 7.1: Snapshot of Online Content in Use Among K12 Blended Programs 210 8 Choose the Model 219 Match the Model to the Type of Problem 221 Match the Model to the Type of Team 224 Match the Model to the Desired Student Experience 226 Match the Model to the Role of the Teacher 229 Match the Model to the Physical Space 232 Match the Model to the Availability of Internet-Enabled Devices 234 Prioritizing Options and Making the Selection 237 Moving toward Multiple Models 237 To Sum Up 240 Appendix 8.1: Which Blended-Learning Model Matches Your Circumstances Best? 241 Part 4 Implementing 247 9 Create the Culture 249 What is Culture? 250 The Power of Culture for Children 252 The Power of Culture in Schools 253 How to Shape Culture 254 The Power of Culture in Blended-Learning Implementations 256 Its Not Too Late 260 To Sum Up 261 10 Discover Your Way to Success 265 Discovery-Driven Planning 266 Start with the Outcomes 268 Create an Assumptions Checklist 269 Implement a PlanTo Learn More 273 Should We Go Forward, Change, or Shelve the Plan? 276 To Sum Up 277 11 Conclusion 281 Implement over Time 282 Blended Learning is a Team Sport 283 Understand, Mobilize, Design, Implement 285 Appendix: Questions for Discussion 289 Index 295