The Handbook of Financial Communication and Investor Relations

Alexander V. Laskin, PhD, is a professor of strategic communication at Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Connecticut, USA. He is the author of more than 50 publications, including books, book chapters, and articles on investor relations, international communications, and measurement and evaluation. Dr. Laskin's research on investor relations was recognized with the Ketchum Excellence in Public Relations Research Award. Dr. Laskin also offers consulting services in investor relations, research and evaluation, and international communications.

Notes on Contributors ix Part I The Foundations of Financial Communication and Investor Relations: Theory and Industry 1 1. Investor Relations and Financial Communication: The Evolution of the Profession 3 Alexander V. Laskin 2. Crisis Communication: Insights and Implications for Investor Relations 23 Rachel L. Whitten and W. Timothy Coombs 3. Risk, Uncertainty, and Message Convergence: Toward a Theory of Financial Communication 33 Kathryn E. Anthony and Steven J. Venette 4. The Role of Argumentation in Financial Communication and Investor Relations 45 Rudi Palmieri 5. Shareholder Democracy in the Digital Age 61 Sandra Duhe 6. Ethics in Financial Communication and Investor Relations: Stakeholder Expectations, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Principle-Based Analyses 71 Shannon A. Bowen, Won-ki Moon, and Joon Kyoung Kim 7. Communicative Enactment of Virtue: A Structurational Approach to Understanding Ethical Financial Communication 87 Steven J. Venette and Joel O. Iverson 8. The Skills Required to Be a Successful Investor Relations Officer 97 Kala Krishnan 9. How Shareholders Differ: Types of Shareholders and Investment Philosophies 107 Rose Hiquet and Won-yong Oh 10. Financial Analysts and Their Role in Financial Communication and Investor Relations 117 Marlies Whitehouse 11. Securities Law for Financial Communication and Investor Relations in the United States, 1929-2016 127 David L. Remund and Kathryn Kuttis 12. Women on Wall Street: Problematizing Gendered Metaphors in Finance 137 Lauren Berkshire Hearit Part II The Practice of Financial Communication and Investor Relations: Strategies and Tactics 145 13. Explaining Communication Choices During Equity Offerings: Market Timing or Impression Management? 147 Danial R. Hemmings, Niamh M. Brennan, and Doris M. Merkl-Davies 14. Financial and Investor Relations for Start-Up Businesses and Emerging Companies 157 Kristie Byrum 15. Whose Hype Matters? The Battle for Value Creation in Contemporary Financial Communications 167 Kip Kiefer and Richard A. Hunt 16. Shareholder Activism and the New Role of Investor Relations 179 Christian Pieter Hoffmann and Christian Fieseler 17. Corporate Proxy Contests: Overview, Application, and Outlook 187 Matthew W. Ragas 18. More Than a Zero-Sum Game: Integrating Investor and Public Relations to Navigate Conflict With Activist Investors 197 Constance S. Chandler 19. Integrated Reporting: Bridging Investor Relations and Strategic Management 209 Kristin Kohler and Christian Pieter Hoffmann 20. Corporate Social Responsibility: Committing to Social and Environmental Impact in the Global Economy 221 Derek Moscato 21. Transparency Signaling in Corporate Social Responsibility Press Releases in a Vice Industry 233 Jessalynn Strauss 22. Faith-Based Investor Activism for Corporate Environmental Responsibility: Catalysts for Corporate Change? 245 Nur Uysal 23. Issues Management in Investor Relations and Financial Communication 261 Robert L. Heath 24. Measurement and Evaluation of Investor Relations and Financial Communication Activities 275 Alexander V. Laskin and Anna A. Laskin 25. Perception Audits: Learning Investment Community Sentiment 283 Donna N. Stein 26. Conference Calls: A Communication Perspective 293 Andrea Rocci and Carlo Raimondo 27. When CEOs Talk: Risks, Opportunities, and Expectations of Financial Communication in an Online World 309 Pauline A. Howes 28. Financial Crisis Management and Wells Fargo: Reputation or Profit? 319 Hilary Fussell Sisco 29. Warren Buffett, Value Investing, Media, and Social Media 327 Jeremy Harris Lipschultz Part III Financial Communication Outside the Corporate Context: From Governments to Families 341 30. Financial Communications: The Federal Reserve System's Contributions 343 Marci R. Schneider 31. Restoring Legitimacy to Financial Regulators and Institutions: Admission of Wrongdoing as a Settlement Strategy 355 Jeffrey D. Brand 32. The Privile