Personality

Daniel Cervone is Professor of Psychology at the University of Illinois at Chicago. He earned his PhD in Psychology from Stanford University in 1985. In addition to his time at UIC, Dr. Cervone has been a visiting faculty member at the University of Washington and at the University of Rome La Sapienza, and has been a fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences. He has co-authored or edited numerous volumes in personality science, including Albert Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory: An Agentic Perspective on Human Nature (Wiley, 2023).

Preface vii 1 Personality Theory: From Observation to Scientific Explanation 1 Defining Personality, 4 Three Goals for the Personality Theorist, 6 Answering Questions about Persons Scientifically: Understanding Structures, Processes, Development, and Therapeutic Change, 10 Important Issues in Personality Theory, 17 Evaluating Personality Theories, 23 The Personality Theories: An Introduction, 24 Major Concepts, 28 Review, 28 2 The Scientific Study of People 29 Personality Research: The Data, 31 Personality Research: Research Designs, 35 Contemporary Developments in Personality Research: Social Media and Language-Based Assessments, 45 Personality Assessment and the Case of Jim, 48 Vive la Diffrence: Conceptual Distinctions in Personality Research, 49 Major Concepts, 56 Review, 56 3 A Psychodynamic Theory: Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality 57 Sigmund Freud (1856-1939): A View of the Theorist, 58 Freud's View of the Person, 60 Freud's View of the Science of Personality, 63 Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality, 64 Major Concepts, 87 Review, 87 4 Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory: Applications, Related Theoretical Conceptions, and Contemporary Research 89 Psychodynamic Personality Assessment: Projective Tests, 90 Psychopathology, 96 Psychological Change, 99 The Case of Jim, 104 Related Theoretical Conceptions, 107 Contemporary Developments in Personality Theory: Neuropsychoanalysis, 122 Critical Evaluation, 127 Major Concepts, 131 Review, 131 5 A Phenomenological Theory: The Personality Theory of Rogers 133 Carl R. Rogers (1902-1987): A View of the Theorist, 135 Rogers's View of the Person, 137 Rogers's View of the Science of Personality, 139 The Personality Theory of Carl Rogers, 140 Major Concepts, 153 Review, 153 6 Rogers's Phenomenological Theory: Applications, Related Theoretical Conceptions, and Contemporary Research 154 Clinical Applications, 155 The Case of Jim, 162 Related Conceptions: Human Potential, Positive Psychology, and Existentialism, 164 Developments in Research: The Self and Authenticity, 172 Contemporary Developments in Personality Theory: Personality Systems Interaction Theory and the Integrated Self, 179 Personality Systems Interaction Theory, 180 Illustrative Research, 183 Implications for Rogers's Self Theory of Personality, 183 Critical Evaluation, 184 Major Concepts, 188 Review, 188 7 Trait Theories of Personality: Allport, Eysenck, and Cattell 189 A View of the Trait Theorists, 190 Trait Theory's View of the Person, 191 Trait Theory's View of the Science of Personality, 192 Trait Theories of Personality: Basic Perspectives Shared by Trait Theorists, 194 The Trait Theory of Gordon W. Allport (1897-1967), 195 Identifying Primary Trait Dimensions: Factor Analysis, 198 The Factor-Analytic Trait Theory of Raymond B. Cattell (1905-1998), 200 The Three-Factor Theory of Hans J. Eysenck (1916-1997), 204 Major Concepts, 212 Review, 212 8 Trait Theory: The Five-Factor Model and Contemporary Developments 214 On Taxonomies of Personality, 215 The Five-Factor Model of Personality: Research Evidence, 216 Five-Factor Theory, 226 Maybe We Missed One? The Six-Factor Model, 229 Cross-cultural Research: Are the Big Five Dimensions Universal?, 229 Contemporary Developments in Trait Theory: Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory, 234 The Case of Jim--Factor-Analytic Trait-Based Assessment, 240 The Person-Situation Controversy, 243 Critical Evaluation, 245 Major Concepts, 249 Review, 249 9 Behaviorism and The Learning Approaches To Personality 251 Behaviorism's View of the Person, 254 Behaviorism's View of the Science of Personality, 254 Watson, Pavlov, and Classical Conditioning, 258 Skinner's Theory of Operant Conditioning, 268 Critical Evaluation, 278 Major Concepts, 281 Review, 2