The Energy Sector and Energy Geopolitics in the MENA Region at a Crossroad

Manfred Hafner is Professor of International Energy Studies (Economics and Geopolitics of Energy) teaching at the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS Europe), Bologna, Italy, and at the Sciences Po Paris School of International Affairs (PSIA), Paris, France. He also owns, and is CEO of, HEAS AG, Zug, Switzerland, an international energy strategy consultancy firm. In the course of his over 30-year career, he has extensively consulted for governments, international organizations and the energy industry all over the world. Pier Paolo Raimondi is a researcher in the "Energy, Climate and Resources" programme of the Istituto Affari Internazionali (IAI), Rome, Italy, and a PhD candidate at the Catholic University, Milan, Italy. His research focuses on energy markets, geopolitics and geoeconomics in various geographical areas, mainly MENA, Europe and Africa. Benedetta Bonometti works in the Commercial Negotiations Department in Eni, Milan, Italy. Her main research interests relate to energy (fossil fuels, renewable energy and energy transition policies), socioeconomic development and governance in the Middle East

Part I Context And Drivers For The Regional Energy Transformation.- Chapter 1 The Mena Region: An Economic, Energy, And Historical Context.- Chapter 2 Domestic And International Drivers And Challenges For The Energy Transformation In The Mena Region.- Part II The Energy Sector In The Mena Region At A Crossroad.- Chapter 3 National Energy Sectors: Historical Evolution And Current Situation.- Chapter 4 Low-Carbon EnergyStrategies In Mena Countries.- Part III Energy Geopolitics In The Mena Region.- Chapter 5 Geopolitics Of Oil And Gas In The Mena Region.- Chapter 6 -Geopolitics Of The Energy Transformation In The Mena Region.- Part Iv Overall Conclusions.- Chapter 7 Conclusions On The Transformation Of The Energy Sector And The Energy Geopolitics.