External Environmental Costs of Electric Power

1. Introduction.- 2. Some conclusions from the workshop.- 3. Subject area 1: Recent results of the research on environmental damages - An introductory overview.- 3.1 Tasks and problems of analysis and evaluation of emission impacts on terrestrial ecosystems.- 3.2 Economic losses to society due to material damages of environmental pollution in the Federal Republic of Germany.- 3.3 Global warming, climate protection measures of the Enquete-Commission of the German parliament.- 3.4 The externalities of global warming.- 4. Subject area 2: Monetization of environmental damages.- 4.1 Environmental externalities measurement: Quantification, valuation and monetization.- 4.2 Basic problems in valuating environmental damages: The case of forest damage.- 4.3 The valuation of environmental externalities in utility regulation.- 4.4 Integrating energy and the environment in the marketplace.- 4.5 Valuation of environmental cost by heat emissions from pollution control.- 4.6 Contingent valuation study of the environmental costs of electricity generating technologies.- 4.7 A comparison of emissions and externality costs of waste-to-energy and coal fired electric power plants.- 4.8 Incorporating externalities in least-cost planning: The use of control costs, standards, and multi-attribute approaches.- 5. Subject area 3: Impacts of the internalisation of external costs.- 5.1 Impacts of external costs on the competitive position of wind energy in the Federal Republic of Germany.- 5.2 External costs of electricity generation.- 5.3 External costs involved in generating electrical energy in the Eastern part of Germany.- 5.4 Facing up to the true environmental costs of electric power generation.- 6. Subject area 4: Ways of internalizing external costs - Theoretical considerations.- 6.1 Methods for valuing and incorporating environmental costs in electric resource planning and acquisition.- 6.2 Role of control costs in developing climate change policy.- 6.3 Cooperative research, development, and demonstration opportunities in environmental externalities and energy planning.- 6.4 Environmental externalities in utility planning.- 6.5 Externalities and least-cost planning: The threshold of a revolution.- 6.6 Internalization of "external" costs: Necessary, but not sufficient!.- 7. Subject area 5: Ways of internalizing external costs - Practical approaches.- 7.1 Incorporation of environmental externalities in the United States of America.- 7.2 A comparison of methods used by regulators to account for external costs.- 7.3 State regulatory responses to the threat of global warming.- 7.4 A regulator's perspective on environmental externalities.- 7.5 California's experience with including environmental values in electricity planning.- 7.6 New York State's environmental costing research program in context.- 7.7 American public opinion regarding energy and the environment, 1977-1989.- 7.8 The energy policy of the Saarland: A pragmatic energy policy in a global context confronted with uncertainty concerning the external costs of energy.- 7.9 A regional strategy for energy efficiency - With special reference to the co-operation between Denmark and Schleswig-Holstein.- 7.10 "External effects - A complete approach", the new Prognos study on the external effects of energy procurement.- 7.11 Scientific report - A case of emergency.- 8. Participants of the workshop.