Terahertz (THz), Mid Infrared (MIR) and Near Infrared (NIR) Technologies for Protection of Critical Infrastructures Against Explosives and CBRN

Prof. Mauro Fernandes Pereira obtained his PhD at the Optical Sciences Center, University of Arizona and has given important contributions to Nonequlibrium Greens Functions (NEGF) Many Body Theory of Transport and Optics of Semiconductor Materials. His research combines fundamental Mathematical Physics with applications to device development, with an impact in medicine and the environment, with a current emphasis on the protection of water critical infrastructures. He has been named SPIE Fellow in 2011 for his contributions to the Theory of Semiconductor Materials and Optics. He created the TERA-MIR concept unifying THz and Mid Infrared Radiation and was the Chair of COST ACTION MP1204: TERA-MIR Radiation: Materials, Generation, Detection and Applications and Chair of the Series of NATO TERA-MIR Conferences (2009, 2012, 2015 and 2018). He coordinates the TERA-MIR Network. He has been awarded the SPIE Innovation Awards in Quantum Sensing and Nano Electronics and Photonics (2019) for contributions to science and his service through organizing NATO TERA-MIR and COST. He was a research associate at CBPF, Uni-Rostock and TU-Berlin, a visiting Lecturer at Uni-Bremen, Senior Researcher at Tyndall Institute, Professor and Chair of Theory of Semiconductor Materials and Optics at Sheffield Hallam University and Head of the Department of Condensed Matter Theory at the Institute of Physics of the Academy of Sciences of Czech Republic, where is currently a Senior Scientist (on leave) before joining Khalifa University of Science and Technology as Professor and Chair of the Physics Department. Dr. Apostolos Apostolakis received his PhD degree in theoretical physics from Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK in 2017 with a thesis about high-frequency acoustoelectronic phenomena in miniband superlattices. Currently he is postdoctoral researcher in Department of Condensed Matter Theory, Institute of Physics, CAS (Prague, Czech Republic). His current research interests focus on Theory and simulations in condensed matter physics, THz physics, nonlinear dynamics, semiconductor heterostructures, acoustoelectronics and opto-electronic devices. To describe the optical responses of these structures, he works in developing theory and computational tools based on Nonequlibrium Green's Functions, Boltzmann transport equation and qualitative theory of differential equations.

Table of Contents Part I State of the Art in sensors for the protection of critical infrastructures 1 Sensor Data Fusion and Autonomous Unmanned Vehicles for the Protection of Critical Infrastructures..........................................................................................10 Konstantions Ioannidis, Georgios Orfanidis, Marios Krestenitis, Stefanos Vrochidis and Ioannis Kompatsiaris Part II Beyond QCLs, ICLs and Superlattices: competing technologies for detection of explosives and CBRN 2 High Power, Widely Tunable, and Beam Steerable Mid-infrared Quantum Cascade Lasers......................................................................................................22 Manijeh Razeghi and Wenjia Zhou 3 Broadband terahertz gas spectroscopy through multimode self-mixing in a quantum cascade laser.............................................................................................35 Y. J. Han , J. Partington, R. Chhantyal-Pun, M. Henry, O. Auriacombe, T. Rawlings, L. H. Li, J. Keeley, M. Oldfield, N. Brewster, R. Dong, P. Dean, A. G. Davies, B. N. Ellison, E. H. Linfield and A. Valavanis 4 Crucial aspects of the device processing of quantum cascade lasers.......................44 Szerling A, Kosiel K, Prokaryn P, Szymanski M, Wasilewski Z, Pluska M, Sakowicz M 5 Broadband gas QEPAS detection exploiting a monolithic DFB-QCL array............59 Marilena Giglio, Andrea Zifarelli, Pietro Patimisco, Angelo Sampaolo, Giansergio Menduni, Arianna Elefante, Romain Blanchard, Christian Pfluegl, Mark F. Witinski, Daryoosh Vakhshoori, Frank K. Tittel, and Vincenzo Spagnolo 6 Global optimization methods for the design of MIR-THz QCLs applied to explosives detection..................................................................................................71 Jelena Radovanovic, Nikola Vukovic, and Vitomir Milanovic Part III Superlattices and other technologies for GHz-THz sensing 7 Non-Destructive testing THz systems: fast postal scanner case study.....................86 M. Sypek and J. Starobrat 8 Recent advances in superlattice frequency multipliers.......................................99 Yuliia Shevchenko, Apostolos Apostolakis, Mauro F. Pereira 9 Solid-State Millimeter-Wave through Terahertz Transceivers.......................... 115 Eric W. Bryerton 10 Transmission and reflection characteristics of textiles in the Terahertz range......125 Palka N , Pawlinska E , Szustakowski M , Walczakowski M , Czerwinska E , Ciurapinski W , Jodlowski L , Kowalski M , Zagrajek P , and Marek Zyczkowski 11 Transition between localized and delocalized terahertz conductivity in modulated nanostructures studied by Monte-Carlo calculations..........................................136 Hynek Nemecl and Petr Kuzell 12 THz Sources and Detectors Fabricated from High Temperature Superconductors......................................................................................142 Yasemin Demirhan, Fulya Turkoglu, Hakan Altan, Cumali Sabah and Lutfi Ozyuzer 13 Semiconductor components for THz-TDS systems activated by compact fibre lasers...................................................................................................153 A. Krotkus, V. Pacebutas, R. Norkus, I. Nevinskas, and A. Arlauskas 14 Soft chemical ionization mass spectrometry analyses of hazardous gases and decomposition products of explosives in air........................................................................................................172 Kseniya Dryahina and Patrik Spanel 15 On the prospect of application of point-contact sensors to solving the global security problems: an analytical review....................................................................182 G. Kamarchuk, A. Pospelov, A. Savytskyi, V. Gudim